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This document summarizes a study on the effectiveness of birth ball exercises in reducing labor pain in primigravid mothers in the first stage of labor. The study used a pre-test post-test control group design with 15 participants. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test found a significant difference in pain intensity before and after birth ball exercises (p=0.001<0.05), indicating birth ball exercises effectively reduced labor pain in primigravid mothers in the first stage of labor. The conclusion is

Author

nurayu

Language

EN