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PET imaging shows no changes in TSPO brain density after IFN-α immune challenge in healthy human volunteers by Nettis, M. A.; Veronese, M.; Nikkheslat, N.; Mariani, N.; Lombardo, G.; Sforzini, L.; Enache, D.; Harrison, N. A.; Turkheimer, F. E.; Mondelli, V.; Pariante, C. M. is a Neuroscience article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Abstract Depression is associated with peripheral inflammation, but its link with brain microglial activity remains unclear. In seven healthy males, we used repeated translocator protein-Positron Emission Tomography (TSPO-PET) dynamic scans with [^11^C]PBR28 to image brain microglial activation before and 24 h after the immune challenge interferon (IFN)-α. We also investigated the association between changes in peripheral inflammation, changes in microglial activity, and changes in mood. IFN-α administration decreased [^11^C]PBR28 PET tissue volume of distribution (Vt) across the brain (−20 ± 4%; t~6~ = 4.1, p = 0.01), but after correction for radioligand free-plasma fraction there were no longer any changes (+23 ± 31%; t = 0.1, p = 0.91). IFN-α increased serum IL-6 (1826 ± 513%, t~6~ = −7.5, p < 0.001), IL-7 (39 ± 12%, t~6~ = −3.6, p = 0.01), IL-10 (328 ± 48%, t~6~ = −12.8, p < 0.001), and IFN-γ (272 ± 64%, t~6~ = −7.0, p < 0.001) at 4–6 h, and increased serum TNF-α (49 ± 7.6%, t~6~ = −7.5, p < 0.001), IL-8 (39 ± 12%, t~6~ = −3.5, p = 0.013), and C-reactive protein (1320 ± 459%, t~6~ = −7.2, p < 0.001) at 24 h. IFN-α induced temporary mood changes and sickness symptoms after 4–

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Author
Nettis, M. A.; Veronese, M.; Nikkheslat, N.; Mariani, N.; Lombardo, G.; Sforzini, L.; Enache, D.; Harrison, N. A.; Turkheimer, F. E.; Mondelli, V.; Pariante, C. M.
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group; Springer Science and Business Media LLC (ISSN 2158-3188)
Published
2020
Language
EN
Field
Neuroscience (Life Sciences)

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