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Can I read Hepatotoxic Combination Effects of Three Azole Fungicides in a Broad Dose Range on EtoBox?
Hepatotoxic Combination Effects of Three Azole Fungicides in a Broad Dose Range by T. Heise; F. Schmidt; C. Knebel; S. Rieke; W. Haider; I. Geburek; L. Niemann; P. Marx-Stoelting is a Environmental Science article available to read on EtoBox.
What is Hepatotoxic Combination Effects of Three Azole Fungicides in a Broad Dose Range about?
Single active substances of pesticides are thoroughly examined for their toxicity before approval. In this context, the liver is frequently found to be the main target organ. Since consumers are generally exposed to multiple residues of different active substances via the diet, it is important to analyse combinations of active substances for potential mixture effects. For the (tri-)azoles, a group of agricultural fungicides and antifungal drugs, combination effects on the liver are likely because of a similar mode of action. Hepatotoxic effects of mixtures of two triazoles (cyproconazole and epoxiconazole) and an imidazole (prochloraz) were investigated in a 28-day feeding study in rats at three dose levels ranging from a typical toxicological reference value to a clear effect dose. Test parameters included organ weights, clinical chemistry, histopathology and morphometry. In addition, molecular parameters were investigated by means of pathway-focused gene expression arrays, quantitative real-time PCR and enzyme activity assays. Effects were compared to those caused by the individual substances as observed at the same dose levels in a previous study. Mixture effects were substantia
Who reads Hepatotoxic Combination Effects of Three Azole Fungicides in a Broad Dose Range?
It is typically read by researchers, students, and practitioners in Environmental Science.
- Author
- T. Heise; F. Schmidt; C. Knebel; S. Rieke; W. Haider; I. Geburek; L. Niemann; P. Marx-Stoelting
- Publisher
- Springer-Verlag; Springer Verlag; Springer Science and Business Media LLC; Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration Inc. (ISSN 0340-5761)
- Published
- 2017
- Language
- EN
- Field
- Environmental Science (Life Sciences)