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Associations of immunological features with COVID-19 severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Zhicheng Zhang; Guo Ai; Liping Chen; Shunfang Liu; Chen Gong; Xiaodong Zhu; Chunli Zhang; Hua Qin; Junhui Hu; Jinjin Huang is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Background COVID-19 has spread widely worldwide, causing millions of deaths. We aim to explore the association of immunological features with COVID-19 severity. ## Methods We conducted a meta-analysis to estimate mean difference (MD) of immune cells and cytokines levels with COVID-19 severity in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and the grey literature. ## Results A total of 21 studies with 2033 COVID-19 patients were included. Compared with mild cases, severe cases showed significantly lower levels of immune cells including CD3^+^ T cell (× 10^6^, MD, − 413.87; 95%CI, − 611.39 to − 216.34), CD4^+^ T cell (× 10^6^, MD, − 203.56; 95%CI, − 277.94 to − 129.18), CD8^+^ T cell (× 10^6^, MD, − 128.88; 95%CI, − 163.97 to − 93.79), B cell (× 10^6^/L; MD, − 23.87; 95%CI, − 43.97 to − 3.78) and NK cell (× 10^6^/L; MD, − 57.12; 95%CI, − 81.18 to − 33.06), and significantly higher levels of cytokines including TNF-α (pg/ml; MD, 0.34; 95%CI, 0.09 to 0.59), IL-5 (pg/ml; MD, 14.2; 95%CI, 3.99 to 24.4), IL-6 (pg/ml; MD, 13.07; 95%CI, 9.80 to 16.35), and IL-10 (pg/ml; MD, 2.04; 95%CI, 1.32 to 2.75), and significantly higher levels of chemokines as MCP-1 (SMD, 3.41; 95%CI, 2.42

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Author

Zhicheng Zhang; Guo Ai; Liping Chen; Shunfang Liu; Chen Gong; Xiaodong Zhu; Chunli Zhang; Hua Qin; Junhui Hu; Jinjin Huang

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Published

2021

Language

EN

Field

Medicine (Health Sciences)