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Distribution and Exposure Risk Assessment of Chlorinated Paraffins and Novel Brominated Flame Retardants in Toys by Ruirui Zhang; Juan Li; Yawei Wang; Guibin Jiang is a Environmental Science article available to read on EtoBox.

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Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) and novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) were examined in children’s toys collected from 13 families in China. The concentrations of short-chain CPs (SCCPs), medium-chain CPs (MCCPs) and NBFRs in toys were 32.8−1,220,954 ng/g, not detected−2,688,656 ng/g and 0.08−103,461 ng/g, respectively. Median concentrations of SCCPs and MCCPs in toys were 1355 and 1984 ng/g, respectively, while except for pentabromobenzene (median:0.04 ng/g), the median concentrations of the other 8 NBFRs were below method detection limits. Rubber and foam toys contained higher amounts of CPs and NBFRs. Among the SCCPs and MCCPs monitored, Cl6−8-SCCPs/MCCPs and C14-MCCPs were the most abundant congener groups. On the other hand, decabromodiphenyl ethane was the predominant NBFR in toys. Moreover, to understand the role of toys in children’s daily exposure to CPs and NBFRs, hand-to-mouth contact, mouthing, and dermal exposure were assessed for children aged 3 months to 6 years. Hand-to-mouth contact is the primary exposure route for children’s exposure to CPs (25.4−536 ng/kg/day) and NBFRs (1.24−26.2 ng/kg/day) through toys. A low deleterious risk associated with children’s toys

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Author

Ruirui Zhang; Juan Li; Yawei Wang; Guibin Jiang

Publisher

Elsevier BV

Published

2023

Language

EN

Field

Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)