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Life Cycle Costing in Construction Analysis by Shahnoor Shafi is a document available to read on EtoBox.
Life cycle costing (LCC) is an economic analysis tool that considers all costs associated with an asset over its entire life, including initial costs, operating costs, maintenance costs, disposal costs, and residual value. LCC began being used by the US Department of Defense in the 1960s and was later adapted for building investments. Conducting an LCC analysis involves determining costs over time, estimating the value of each cost element, calculating the net present value of costs, adding costs annually t
- Author
- Shahnoor Shafi
- Language
- EN