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Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System – Diagnosis and Management by Soumya Sundaram; PN Sylaja is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.

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Primary angiitis of central nervous system (PACNS) is a rare idiopathic disorder affecting blood vessels of brain, spinal cord, and meninges, consequently leading to infarct and less frequently hemorrhage. CNS vasculitis can also occur as part of systemic vasculitis or secondary to autoimmune diseases or infections. The clinical manifestations of PACNS are non-specific and no single laboratory investigation or neuroimaging finding can reliably diagnose this condition. Histopathological evidence of transmural inflammation of blood vessels of CNS is the gold standard, but is generally pursued subsequent to conventional angiogram (CA) because of its invasive nature. The differentials of PACNS are exhaustive and include systemic vasculitis, secondary vasculitis, non-inflammatory intracranial vasculopathies, demyelination, and neoplasm. These alternative conditions can often be distinguished by history, examination, immunological testing, cerebrospinal fluid analysis, and neuroimaging. CA can detect vasculitic changes in the large to medium cerebral arteries but the specificity is low. Recent advancements in vessel wall imaging techniques have further enabled the distinction of various

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Author

Soumya Sundaram; PN Sylaja

Published

2022

Language

EN

Field

Medicine (Health Sciences)