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Cardiac Output Notes by anaghapothivayal is a document available to read on EtoBox.

Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle per minute, with normal values around 5L/min. It is calculated as stroke volume multiplied by heart rate, and factors affecting it include end diastolic volume, myocardial contractility, and peripheral resistance. Key concepts include ejection fraction, venous return, and the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation on heart function.

Author

anaghapothivayal

Language

EN