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Transformation is the process by which cells take up naked DNA and incorporate it into their chromosomes, first discovered by Frederick Griffith in 1928. Competence refers to the ability of bacteria to uptake free DNA, facilitated by a competence factor. Transposable elements, or transposons, are DNA sequences that can change position within a genome, significantly impacting genetic identity and genome size, with two main classes: Class I (retrotransposons) and Class II (DNA transposons).

Author

Shreya Sreejith

Language

EN