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This research investigates the relationship between toxic leadership and workplace incivility among teaching staff in private schools in Al-Qadisiya Governorate, Iraq. It identifies five dimensions of toxic leadership (abusive supervision, authoritarian leadership, narcissism, self-promotion, and unpredictability) and four dimensions of workplace incivility (hostility, invasion of privacy, gossip, and withdrawal behavior). The findings highlight the need for modern leadership approaches to foster cooperatio

Author

chau93338

Language

EN