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Chemical warfare in the sea: The search for antibiotics from Red Sea corals and sponges by Dovi Kelman; Yoel Kashman; Russell T. Hill; Eugene Rosenberg; Yossi Loya is a Chemistry article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Abstract Marine sponges and corals are widely recognized as rich sources of novel bioactive natural products. These organisms are frequently colonized by bacteria. Some of these bacteria can be pathogenic or serve as beneficial symbionts. Therefore, these organisms need to regulate the bacteria they encounter and resist microbial pathogens. One method is by chemical defense. Antimicrobial assays performed with extracts of 23 Red Sea corals and sponges against bacteria isolated from their natural environment revealed considerable variability in antimicrobial activity. Soft corals exhibited appreciable activity; sponges showed variability, and stony corals had little or no activity. Among the soft corals, __Xenia macrospiculata__ exhibited the highest activity. Bioassay-directed fractionation of the extract indicated that the activity was due to a range of compounds, one of which was isolated and identified as the diterpene desoxyhavannahine. Among the sponges, __Amphimedon chloros__ exhibited strong activity. Bioassay-directed fractionation resulted in the isolation of the pyridinium alkaloid antibiotics, the halitoxins and amphitoxins. These compounds showed selective activity a

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Author

Dovi Kelman; Yoel Kashman; Russell T. Hill; Eugene Rosenberg; Yossi Loya

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Published

2009

Language

EN

Field

Chemistry (Physical Sciences)