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Accelerated Shedding of Prions following Damage to the Olfactory Epithelium by Richard A. Bessen; Jason M. Wilham; Diana Lowe; Christopher P. Watschke; Harold Shearin; Scott Martinka; Byron Caughey; James A. Wiley is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.

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## ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated the role of damage to the nasal mucosa in the shedding of prions into nasal samples as a pathway for prion transmission. Here, we demonstrate that prions can replicate to high levels in the olfactory sensory epithelium (OSE) in hamsters and that induction of apoptosis in olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in the OSE resulted in sloughing off of the OSE from nasal turbinates into the lumen of the nasal airway. In the absence of nasotoxic treatment, olfactory marker protein (OMP), which is specific for ORNs, was not detected in nasal lavage samples. However, after nasotoxic treatment that leads to apoptosis of ORNs, both OMP and prion proteins were present in nasal lavage samples. The cellular debris that was released from the OSE into the lumen of the nasal airway was positive for both OMP and the disease-specific isoform of the prion protein, PrP ^Sc^ . By using the real-time quaking-induced conversion assay to quantify prions, a 100- to 1,000-fold increase in prion seeding activity was observed in nasal lavage samples following nasotoxic treatment. Since neurons replicate prions to higher levels than other cell types and ORNs are the most

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Author

Richard A. Bessen; Jason M. Wilham; Diana Lowe; Christopher P. Watschke; Harold Shearin; Scott Martinka; Byron Caughey; James A. Wiley

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Published

2012

Language

EN

Field

Medicine (Health Sciences)