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## Abstract Extensive efforts have been directed at using genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) to identify the genes responsible for common metabolic and degenerative diseases, cancer, and aging, but with limited success. While environmental factors have been evoked to explain this conundrum, the nature of these environmental factors remains unexplained. The availability of and demands for energy constitute one of the most important aspects of the environment. The flow of energy through the cell is primarily mediated by the mitochondrion, which oxidizes reducing equivalents from hydrocarbons via acetyl‐CoA, NADH + H^+^, and FADH~2~ to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The mitochondrial genome encompasses hundreds of nuclear DNA (nDNA)‐encoded genes plus 37 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)‐encoded genes. Although the mtDNA has a high mutation rate, only milder, potentially adaptive mutations are introduced into the population through female oocytes. In contrast, nDNA‐encoded bioenergetic genes have a low mutation rate. However, their expression is modulated by histone phosphorylation and acetylation using mitochondrially‐generated ATP and acetyl‐CoA, which permits

Who reads Bioenergetics and the epigenome: Interface between the environment and genes in common diseases?

Author

Douglas C. Wallace

Publisher

Wiley (John Wiley & Sons); Wiley-Blackwell; Wiley (ISSN 1940-5510)

Published

2010

Language

EN

Field

Medicine (Health Sciences)