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Preimplantation Chromosomal Mosaics, Chimaeras and Confined Placental Mosaicism by John D West; Clare A Everett is a Medicine article available to read on EtoBox.

What is Preimplantation Chromosomal Mosaics, Chimaeras and Confined Placental Mosaicism about?

Some human preimplantation embryos are chromosomally mosaic. For technical reasons, estimates of the overall frequency vary widely from 90% and the true frequency remains unknown. Aneuploid/diploid and aneuploid/aneuploid mosaics typically arise during early cleavage stages before the embryonic genome is fully activated and when cell cycle checkpoints are not operating normally. Other mosaics include chaotic aneuploid mosaics and mixoploids, some of which arise by abnormal chromosome segregation at the first cleavage division. Chimaeras are similar to mosaics, in having two genetically distinct cell populations, but they arise from more than one zygote and occur less often. After implantation, the frequency of mosaic embryos declines to about 2% and most are trisomic/diploid mosaics, with trisomic cells confined to the placenta. Thus, few babies are born with chromosomal mosaicism. This review discusses the origin of different types of chromosomal mosaics and chimaeras; their fate and the relationship between preimplantation chromosomal mosaicism and confined placental mosaicism in human conceptuses and animal models. Abnormal cells in mosaic embryos may be depleted by cell death,

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Author

John D West; Clare A Everett

Publisher

Bioscientifica

Published

2022

Language

EN

Field

Medicine (Health Sciences)