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Fpubh 13 1707230 by 4vmktktnx7 is a document available to read on EtoBox.
This original research study, published on January 14, 2026, examines the comparative effects of cigarette smoking, e-cigarette use, and dual use on pulmonary function, exercise capacity, and quality of life among young adults. The study found that young adults who smoke cigarettes or use both cigarettes and e-cigarettes exhibit impaired lung function and quality of life compared to non-users, with dual users experiencing the most significant declines. The research highlights the need for further investigat
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- 4vmktktnx7
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- EN