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What is Aerosol–Cloud Interactions in the Climate System about?

Increased anthropogenic aerosol concentrations modify cloud micro-and macrophysical properties and precipitation, which significantly impacts the global hydrological cycle and radiation budget. Aerosol-cloud interactions (ACIs) have contributed to negative radiative forcing (i.e., cooling) since pre-industrial times, partially offsetting the warming positive radiative forcing caused by greenhouse gases. However, estimates of the magnitude of ACIs are highly uncertain because their regime-dependent behavior is poorly understood, and global climate models cannot capture complex ACIs because of their simplified treatment of clouds and precipitation. This chapter reviews the current understanding of ACIs in the climate system and prominent advances in observations, numerical modeling, and satellite simulations. Observation techniques and model parameterizations have advanced steadily, so the review focuses mainly on literature published over the past decade. For more reliable weather and climate predictions, this chapter discusses: 1) how satellite observations can constrain ACIs; 2) where model-observation discrepancies arise; and 3) what can be done to improve model parameterizations

Author

Takuro Michibata

Publisher

Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd Fka Springer Science + Business Media Singapore Pte Ltd

Published

2022

Language

EN

ISBN

9789811525278