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What is Kadikoy-Kartal Metro Seismic Design about?

1. The Kadikoy-Kartal metro line in Istanbul poses challenging tunnel design conditions due to its length of 26 km beneath a dense urban area and high seismic activity. 2. The tunnels must account for complex geology of sedimentary and volcanic rocks, full groundwater conditions, and seismic design. 3. The metro line includes two running tunnels, 19 stations excavated by both tunnel boring machine and conventional methods, and complex underground structures like cross passages and switches that require

Author

RAJENDRA PRASAD

Language

EN