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Genotoxic effects in fish induced by pharmacological agents present in the sewage of some Italian water-treatment plants by Lucia Rocco; Giada Frenzilli; Giovanna Zito; Aristea Archimandritis; Carmela Peluso; Vincenzo Stingo is a Environmental Science article available to read on EtoBox.

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## Abstract The presence of pharmaceutical substances in the municipal effluents is currently considered the principal source of bio‐active molecule emissions into aquatic environments. This study analyzes the genotoxic damage caused by gemfibrozil and atorvastatin, two regulators of the hematic level of lipids, and sildenafil citrate, a vasodilator, on the teleost __Danio rerio__. The genotoxicity of these three compounds was evaluated using the comet assay, diffusion assay, and RAPD‐PCR. The alkaline version (pH 12.1) of the comet assay was used for the erythrocytes of the zebrafish to evaluate the presence of single strand DNA breaks. Furthermore, the diffusion assay was used to estimate the number of apoptotic cells. The fish were treated with the three pharmacological agents at the average concentrations previously found at some Italian treatment plants and were then sacrificed from 5 to 35 days after exposure. The data of the comet assay showed a statistically significant loss of DNA integrity after 5 days of exposure to atorvastatin and after one week of exposure to gemfibrozil. This damage was, however, repaired after 14 days. Sildenafil citrate produced, instead, a statist

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Author

Lucia Rocco; Giada Frenzilli; Giovanna Zito; Aristea Archimandritis; Carmela Peluso; Vincenzo Stingo

Publisher

John Wiley and Sons; Wiley (John Wiley & Sons); John Wiley & Sons Inc.; Wiley (ISSN 1520-4081)

Published

2011

Language

EN

Field

Environmental Science (Physical Sciences)