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What is Detecting and Counting Small Patterns in Planar Graphs in Subexponential Parameterized Time about?

We present an algorithm that takes as input an $n$-vertex planar graph $G$ and a $k$-vertex pattern graph $P$, and computes the number of (induced) copies of $P$ in $G$ in $2^{O(k/\log k)}n^{O(1)}$ time. If $P$ is a matching, independent set, or connected bounded maximum degree graph, the runtime reduces to $2^{\tilde{O}(\sqrt{k})}n^{O(1)}$. While our algorithm counts all copies of $P$, it also improves the fastest algorithms that only detect copies of $P$. Before our work, no $2^{O(k/\log k)}n^{O(1)}$ time algorithms for detecting unrestricted patterns $P$ were known, and by a result of Bodlaender et al. [ICALP 2016] a $2^{o(k/\log k)}n^{O(1)}$ time algorithm would violate the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH). Furthermore, it was only known how to detect copies of a fixed connected bounded maximum degree pattern $P$ in $2^{\tilde{O}(\sqrt{k})}n^{O(1)}$ time probabilistically. For counting problems, it was a repeatedly asked open question whether $2^{o(k)}n^{O(1)}$ time algorithms exist that count even special patterns such as independent sets, matchings and paths in planar graphs. The above results resolve this question in a strong sense by giving algorithms for counting versions

Author

Nederlof, Jesper

Published

2019

Language

EN